J'ai identifié 3 situations.
- Un étudiant sans inscription.
- Un étudiant avec des inscriptions mais pas de notes.
- Un étudiant avec des inscriptions et des notes.
Il y a un déclencheur sur le tableau des inscriptions pour calculer la GPA. Si un étudiant a des notes, il mettra à jour ou insérera une entrée dans le tableau GPA; pas de notes, pas d'entrée de table GPA.
Je peux supprimer un étudiant sans inscription (# 1). Je peux supprimer un étudiant avec des inscriptions et des notes (# 3 ci-dessus). Mais je ne peux pas supprimer un étudiant avec des inscriptions mais pas de notes (# 2). J'obtiens une violation de contrainte de référence.
L'instruction DELETE est en conflit avec la contrainte REFERENCE "FK_dbo.GPA_dbo.Student_StudentID". Le conflit s'est produit dans la base de données "", table "dbo.GPA", colonne 'StudentID'.
Si je ne pouvais pas supprimer un nouvel étudiant sans inscription (et sans entrée GPA), je comprendrais la violation de contrainte, mais je peux supprimer cet étudiant. C'est un étudiant avec des inscriptions et aucune note (et toujours aucune entrée GPA) que je ne peux pas supprimer.
J'ai corrigé ma gâchette pour pouvoir avancer. Maintenant, si vous avez des inscriptions, le déclencheur vous insère dans la table GPA, quoi qu'il arrive. Mais je ne comprends pas le problème sous-jacent. Toute explication serait très appréciée.
Pour ce que ça vaut:
- Visual Studio 2013 Professional.
- IIS express (interne à VS2013).
- Application Web ASP.NET utilisant EntityFramework 6.1.1.
- MS SQL Server 2014 Enterprise.
- GPA.Value est nullable.
- Enrollment.GradeID est nullable.
Voici un extrait de la base de données:
- MODIFIER -
Les tables sont toutes créées par EntityFramework, j'ai utilisé SQL Server Management Studio pour les produire.
Voici les instructions de création de table avec des contraintes:
GPA
table:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[GPA](
[StudentID] [int] NOT NULL,
[Value] [float] NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.GPA] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[StudentID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,
ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[GPA] WITH CHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.GPA_dbo.Student_StudentID]
FOREIGN KEY([StudentID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Student] ([ID])
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[GPA]
CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.GPA_dbo.Student_StudentID]
Enrollment
table:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment](
[EnrollmentID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[CourseID] [int] NOT NULL,
[StudentID] [int] NOT NULL,
[GradeID] [int] NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.Enrollment] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[EnrollmentID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,
ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment] WITH CHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Course_CourseID]
FOREIGN KEY([CourseID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Course] ([CourseID])
ON DELETE CASCADE
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment]
CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Course_CourseID]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment] WITH CHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Grade_GradeID]
FOREIGN KEY([GradeID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Grade] ([GradeID])
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment]
CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Grade_GradeID]
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment] WITH CHECK
ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Student_StudentID]
FOREIGN KEY([StudentID])
REFERENCES [dbo].[Student] ([ID])
ON DELETE CASCADE
ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Enrollment]
CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_dbo.Enrollment_dbo.Student_StudentID]
Student
table:
CREATE TABLE [dbo].[Student](
[ID] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL,
[EnrollmentDate] [datetime] NOT NULL,
[LastName] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
[FirstName] [nvarchar](50) NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT [PK_dbo.Student] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED
(
[ID] ASC
)WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF,
ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY]
) ON [PRIMARY]
Voici les déclencheurs :
CREATE TRIGGER UpdateGPAFromUpdateDelete
ON Enrollment
AFTER UPDATE, DELETE AS
BEGIN
DECLARE @UpdatedStudentID AS int
SELECT @UpdatedStudentID = StudentID FROM DELETED
EXEC MergeGPA @UpdatedStudentID
END
CREATE TRIGGER UpdateGPAFromInsert
ON Enrollment
AFTER INSERT AS
--DECLARE @InsertedGradeID AS int
--SELECT @InsertedGradeID = GradeID FROM INSERTED
--IF @InsertedGradeID IS NOT NULL
BEGIN
DECLARE @InsertedStudentID AS int
SELECT @InsertedStudentID = StudentID FROM INSERTED
EXEC MergeGPA @InsertedStudentID
END
Le patch pour aller de l'avant était de commenter ces lignes dans le AFTER INSERT
déclencheur.
Voici la procédure stockée :
CREATE PROCEDURE MergeGPA @StudentID int AS
MERGE GPA AS TARGET
USING (SELECT @StudentID) as SOURCE (StudentID)
ON (TARGET.StudentID = SOURCE.StudentID)
WHEN MATCHED THEN
UPDATE
SET Value = (SELECT Value FROM GetGPA(@StudentID))
WHEN NOT MATCHED THEN
INSERT (StudentID, Value)
VALUES(SOURCE.StudentID, (SELECT Value FROM GetGPA(@StudentID)));
Voici la fonction de base de données :
CREATE FUNCTION GetGPA (@StudentID int)
RETURNS TABLE
AS RETURN
SELECT ROUND(SUM (StudentTotal.TotalCredits) / SUM (StudentTotal.Credits), 2) Value
FROM (
SELECT
CAST(Credits as float) Credits
, CAST(SUM(Value * Credits) as float) TotalCredits
FROM
Enrollment e
JOIN Course c ON c.CourseID = e.CourseID
JOIN Grade g ON e.GradeID = g.GradeID
WHERE
e.StudentID = @StudentID AND
e.GradeID IS NOT NULL
GROUP BY
StudentID
, Value
, e.courseID
, Credits
) StudentTotal
Voici la sortie de débogage de la méthode de suppression du contrôleur, l'instruction select est la méthode qui demande quoi supprimer. Cet étudiant a 3 inscriptions, le REFERENCE
problème de contrainte se produit lors de la suppression de la 3ème inscription. Je suppose qu'EF utilise une transaction car les inscriptions ne sont pas supprimées.
iisexpress.exe Information: 0 : Component:SQL Database;Method:SchoolInterceptor.ReaderExecuted;Timespan:00:00:00.0004945;Properties:
Command: SELECT
[Project2].[StudentID] AS [StudentID],
[Project2].[ID] AS [ID],
[Project2].[EnrollmentDate] AS [EnrollmentDate],
[Project2].[LastName] AS [LastName],
[Project2].[FirstName] AS [FirstName],
[Project2].[Value] AS [Value],
[Project2].[C1] AS [C1],
[Project2].[EnrollmentID] AS [EnrollmentID],
[Project2].[CourseID] AS [CourseID],
[Project2].[StudentID1] AS [StudentID1],
[Project2].[GradeID] AS [GradeID]
FROM ( SELECT
[Limit1].[ID] AS [ID],
[Limit1].[EnrollmentDate] AS [EnrollmentDate],
[Limit1].[LastName] AS [LastName],
[Limit1].[FirstName] AS [FirstName],
[Limit1].[StudentID] AS [StudentID],
[Limit1].[Value] AS [Value],
[Extent3].[EnrollmentID] AS [EnrollmentID],
[Extent3].[CourseID] AS [CourseID],
[Extent3].[StudentID] AS [StudentID1],
[Extent3].[GradeID] AS [GradeID],
CASE WHEN ([Extent3].[EnrollmentID] IS NULL) THEN CAST(NULL AS int) ELSE 1 END AS [C1]
FROM (SELECT TOP (2)
[Extent1].[ID] AS [ID],
[Extent1].[EnrollmentDate] AS [EnrollmentDate],
[Extent1].[LastName] AS [LastName],
[Extent1].[FirstName] AS [FirstName],
[Extent2].[StudentID] AS [StudentID],
[Extent2].[Value] AS [Value]
FROM [dbo].[Student] AS [Extent1]
LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[GPA] AS [Extent2] ON [Extent1].[ID] = [Extent2].[StudentID]
WHERE [Extent1].[ID] = @p__linq__0 ) AS [Limit1]
LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[Enrollment] AS [Extent3] ON [Limit1].[ID] = [Extent3].[StudentID]
) AS [Project2]
ORDER BY [Project2].[StudentID] ASC, [Project2].[ID] ASC, [Project2].[C1] ASC:
iisexpress.exe Information: 0 : Component:SQL Database;Method:SchoolInterceptor.NonQueryExecuted;Timespan:00:00:00.0012696;Properties:
Command: DELETE [dbo].[Enrollment]
WHERE ([EnrollmentID] = @0):
iisexpress.exe Information: 0 : Component:SQL Database;Method:SchoolInterceptor.NonQueryExecuted;Timespan:00:00:00.0002634;Properties:
Command: DELETE [dbo].[Enrollment]
WHERE ([EnrollmentID] = @0):
iisexpress.exe Information: 0 : Component:SQL Database;Method:SchoolInterceptor.NonQueryExecuted;Timespan:00:00:00.0002512;Properties:
Command: DELETE [dbo].[Enrollment]
WHERE ([EnrollmentID] = @0):
iisexpress.exe Error: 0 : Error executing command: DELETE [dbo].[Student]
WHERE ([ID] = @0) Exception: System.Data.SqlClient.SqlException (0x80131904): The DELETE statement conflicted with the REFERENCE constraint "FK_dbo.GPA_dbo.Student_StudentID". The conflict occurred in database "<databasename>", table "dbo.GPA", column 'StudentID'.
The statement has been terminated.